我国高温高湿储粮生态区储粮昆虫区系调查研究

FAUNA SURVEY OF STORED GRAIN INSECT IN HOT AND HUMID GRAIN STORAGE ECOLOGICAL REGION OF CHINA

在中国7个储粮生态区中,高温高湿储粮生态区更适宜于储粮昆虫发生和危害,了解其中的储粮昆虫种类与发生是害虫防治的基础,目前缺乏关于中国高温高湿储粮生态区储粮昆虫区系的研究报道。于2016年至2017年的春季、夏季、秋季等不同时间对云南、广西、广东、海南、福建等省(区)中属于高温高湿储粮生态区的22个地市(州)的粮库、面粉厂、大米厂、饲料厂、农户和粮油市场等135个单位进行了储粮昆虫区系调查。调查获得昆虫纲和蛛形纲的节肢动物104种,其中拟蝎1目1科2种,昆虫纲10目41科102种,鞘翅目昆虫23科71种,鳞翅目昆虫7科16种。该区发生最为普遍的昆虫种类有谷蠹、米象、玉米象、锈赤扁谷盗、长角扁谷盗、土耳其扁谷盗、赤拟谷盗、暹罗谷盗、大谷盗、小露尾甲、黑菌虫、小菌虫、长头谷盗、亚扁粉盗、毛衣鱼、麦蛾、米蛾、米象小蜂等。在广西壮族自治区南宁市的超市和云南省德宏州的农贸市场中采集到了菜豆象、巴西豆象和四纹豆象,在广东省几处储粮场所采集到了双钩异翅长蠹。

The stored grain insect pests can make more population and damage on grain stored in hot and humid region of seven Chinese Grain Storage Ecological Regions.It is the scientific base of insect pest management to know the fauna of stored grain insects in the region.There has been a lack of report on the fauna in this region.A survey on stored grain insect was carried out from 2016 to 2017 in spring,summer and autumn.In which the samples and insects were collected from 135 units involved in grain depots,flour mills,rice mills,feed mills,farmers and markets.They were located in 22 prefecture-level cities belonging to the province of Yunnan,Guangxi,Guangdong,Hainan and Fujian,respectively.There were 104 species of arthropod identified from the collection.Two species belonged to order arachnids.102 species belonged to 41 families and 10 order of class insect.there were 71 species of 23 families belonging to coleopteran,16 species of 7 families belonging to lepidopteron.The species of the insect that was collected from every province included in Rhyzopertha dominica,Sitophilus oryzae,S.zeamais,Cryptolestes ferrugineus,C.pusillus,C.turcicus,Tribolium castaneum,Lophocateres pusillus,Tenebroides mauritanicus,Carpophilus pilocellus,Alphitobius diaperinus,A.laevigatus,Latheticus oryzae,Palorussubdepressus,Ctenolepismavillosa,Sitotrogacerealella,CorcyracephalonicaandLariophagus distinguendus.Zabrotes subfasciatus,Acanthoscelides obtectus and Callosobruchus maculates were collected from grain markets in Nanning of Guangxi and agro-product market in Dehong of Yunnan.Heterobostrychus aequalis was collected in Maoming,Guangdong province.