近代日本军阀破坏国内政党政治——基于《东方杂志》的述评

On Modern Japanese Warlords Demolishing Domestic Party Politics——Based on Articles in The Eastern Miscellany

近代日本经过明治维新,虽然在名义上实行了宪政体制,但没有形成多数党组阁的制度基础,而军阀却拥有特殊政治地位。主要在1918到1931年间,日本政党势力一度抬头,却又面临着少壮军人势力的崛起。少壮军人多采取直接的暴力行动,破坏政党政治发展。日本军阀热衷于干涉国内政治,并积极对外发动侵略战争,却无法根本解决日本面临的内外困难,其内部同样存在非常激烈的派别斗争,思想也不统一。对于日本社会而言,军阀的破坏导致了政治生态不断恶化,并逐渐迷失了自身应有的发展道路。

Although modern Japan had political reform in the meiji reformation,the basic law of ruling political system by more than two political parties had not been established.The warlords all along had special political privileges.The main parties in Japanese modern history had even been active in 1918 to 1931,but young warlords rose abruptly at the same time.Japanese young warlords always adopted direct actions to demolish the development of the party politics and the domestic politics,but they could not solve the problems at all in the wars of aggression they started.They had violent factional strifes and could not unify diverse opinions and thoughts.Their demolishing brought about the deterioration of political environment and led to the missing of the national development road for Japanese society.