产学研协同创新合作过程的风险与防范

Innovation Risks Based on Industry-University-Research Collaborative Innovation and Preventive Measures

产学研协同创新是提高国家技术创新水平的一种重要模式,其实施是一个多方合作的动态演化过程,不仅与合作主体资源条件、技术水平、经济属性有直接关系,还与协同创新联盟各方合作姿态密切相关。以产学研协同创新为研究对象,系统分析了创新过程中所面临的环境风险、技术风险、组织风险;通过风险特征识别,从市场、技术和制度保障3个方面提出了一些风险防范建议,指出应坚持"政府引导、多方协同、利益共享、风险共担"的合作原则,在政府政策措施的引导下,形成有利于协同创新的合作环境,促进产学研协同创新常态化,降低甚至消除产学研合作过程中的各类风险。

Collaborative innovation based on industry-university-research （IUR） coordination is an important pattern for improvement of China’s technological innovation. This is a dynamic development process of multilateral cooperation, which is not only related directly to resource conditions, technological level and economic attributes of cooperative entities but also closely to the attitudes from each party of the innovative alliance. This article focuses on the IUR-based collaborative innovation and systematically analyzes the environmental risks, technological risks, and organizational risks for the innovation process. Based on recognition of risk characteristics, the article comes up with some suggestions on risk preventions in three areas of market, technology and institutional system. It proposes the cooperative principle of “governmental guidance, multilateral collaboration, and sharing of interests and risks.”Guided by the governmental policies, the cooperative environment should be established to benefit collaborative innovation, normalize the IUR-coordinated collaborative innovation, reduce and even eliminate the risks for this kind of cooperation.