交通群落学:交通系统中的生态行为解读

Transportation Community Ecology: Ecological Behavior Interpretation of Transport Systems

通过总结生态理论交叉学科研究成果,从生态学角度审视综合交通系统中的内在联系,发现综合交通运输系统中存在类似于有机群体的生态行为。将交通因子与生态因子进行一一比照,视交通个体为生态个体、交通方式为生态种群、交通系统为生态系统,通过四阶段生态理论(生态因子理论、生态位理论、生态匹配理论、生态位调控理论),构建区域综合交通生态演化机理理论,从而为后期生态四阶段的交通化改造(交通因子的组织、交通状态评判、交通结构分析和交通布局优化)提供理论基础。

By summarizing interdisciplinary research achievements, this paper, from the ecological perspective to inspect inner links among comprehensive transportation system, discovered that there did exist some ecological behavior in the comprehensive transportation system which was similar to the organic groups. We compared the transportation factor and ecological factors one by one, and regarded traffic individual as ecological individual, modes of transport as ecological population, and transportation system as ecosystem, then through the four stages of ecological theory （ecological factors theory, niche theory, ecology matching theory, ecological niche control theory）, we constructed a theory of regional comprehensive transportation for ecological evolution mechanism, thus providing the theoretical basis for traffic transformation （organization of transportation factor, status evaluation of transportation, structural analysis of transportation and layout optimization of transportation）of the late four-stage ecology.