温度对盐水导热系数影响的实验研究

Study on Effects of Temperature on Coefficient of Heat Conductivity of Saltwater

为探讨温度对盐水导热系数的影响,特别是深水低温条件下的导热系数,采用瞬态热线法测定不同温度下(4~60℃)下5种常用盐水溶液的导热系数,并分析了温度对每种盐导热系数的影响。实验结果表明,对于待测盐水体系而言,相同浓度下,每种盐的导热系数与温度的变化趋势相同,即4~20℃低温段,盐的导热系数曲线缓慢增长,随后温度对导热系数的影响逐渐增大;相同温度下,导热系数随着盐浓度的升高而降低。文中还对现场2口深水井所用的盐水测试液的导热系数进行了室内测定,结果发现,2种配方的导热系数受温度的影响较小,4℃和50℃的导热系数的差值分别为0.036、0.53 W/(m·K);当温度高于40℃以后,2种体系的导热系数不受温度影响。

In studying the effects of temperature （especially low temperature in deep water） on the coeffcient of heat conductivity （CHC） of saltwater, transient hot-wire method was adopted to measure the CHC of 5 kinds of commonly used saltwater at different temperatures （4～60 ℃）. Analyses of the experimental data showed that, at the same salt concentration, CHC changed with temperature in similar pattern, i.e., at low temperatures （4～20 ℃）, CHC increases slowly with temperature; at temperatures above 20 ℃, CHC increases fast with temperature. At the same temperature, CHC decreases with increase in salt concentration. Saltwater samples from 2 deep water wells were measured in laboratory for their CHC. It was found that CHC of the two samples was only slightly affected by temperature; the differences of CHC at 4 ℃and 50 ℃ were 0.036 W/（m·K） and 0.53 W/（m·K）, respectively. At temperatures above 40 ℃, CHC of the two saltwater samples was not affected by changes in temperature.