不同商品炭的表面性质对重金属离子的吸附性能的影响

Effect of Surface Properties of Different Commodity Carbon on Adsorption Performance of Heavy Metal Ions

采用多种商品炭如活性炭(CA)、煤粉(PC)、木质2.0生物炭(L2B)、椰壳生物炭(CSB)、稻壳生物炭(RHB)、硬炭毡(HCF)、软炭毡(SCF)、果壳生物炭(SB)等作为代表,通过各项表征手段检测不同商品炭的表面性质。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察各商品炭的表面形貌,以傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和Boehm滴定法分别定性和定量分析不同商品炭表面官能团的种类和数量,通过对商品炭的形貌结构、表面含有官能团和晶体结构的分析,发现商品炭对重金属离子吸附的主要影响因素是酸性表面官能团,而商品炭形貌及孔隙度影响较小。

Typical commodity carbon-based adsorbents such as activated carbon（AC）、 pulverized coal（PC）、 lignin 2.0 biochar（L2B）、coconut shell biochar（CSB）、rice husk biochar（RHB）、hard carbon felt（HCF）、soft carbon felt（SCF）、shell biochar（SB） and so on were chosen as samples to study the effect of surface properties on the adsorption performance of heavy metal ions including lead, cadmium and copper. The surface morphology of each sample was observed by SEM technique. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of amount and type of surface functional groups was performed by FT-IR and Boehm titration respectively. The crystal structure of the samples was determined by XRD analysis. And finally, the adsorption of heavy metal ions on the samples was investigated. After analyzing the morphology structure, surface functional groups and the crystal structure as well as the adsorption performance of the commodity carbon, it can be found that the main influencing factor affect the adsorption of commodity coal toward heavy metal ions is the acidic surface functional groups, while the morphology, porosity of the commodities carbon has very small impact.