宋代付身文书的作用与管理

Function and Management of Fushen Documents in Song Dynasty

付身文书作为官员的身份证明,在官员出身以后的各个环节中,都起到重要的作用。官员的参选、磨勘、叙复、恩荫等,对官员的处罚如追官、当官、除名等,无一不与官员的付身文书息息相关。告、敕等除授凭证有时在官员无考课印纸的情况下,还可扮演考课文书的作用。亡失付身者可按规定程序申请补发。朝廷有时会对已颁发的付身文书进行没收或追毁。

Fushen was a certificate which proves the identity as a government official in Song Dynasty. When an official was promoted or punished, the record will be preserved in the certificate documents. If the Fushen documents were lost, officials can apply for new ones in accordance with the procedures. In some cases, the court may retake Fushen documents and ruin them. The central government uses these documents to control and supervise all the officials.