新型永磁定位自适应气囊外封堵装置设计

Design of a new external plugging device with permanent magnetic positioning and adaptive airbag

随着流程工业的发展,危险化学物料在储运过程中的泄漏事故频发,对漏点实施快速有效的处理处置至关重要。基于大型管道和储罐焊缝处复杂曲面区域的泄漏难以封堵的难题,提出一种采用永磁机构快速定位,并结合自适应气囊和导流泄压通道的快速封堵装置,实现了大曲率半径复杂曲面漏点的自适应应急封堵。通过分别建立柔性气囊封堵方法和常规顶压式封堵方法的有限元模型,对两种方法在大型储罐焊缝处漏点周围密封接触面的压力分布情况进行仿真分析。结果表明:采用柔性气囊封堵方法实施应急封堵处理时,在漏点周围形成较理想的均压接触区域,可以有效减少常规顶压封堵方法中橡胶因局部形变而导致的应力集中现象,具有较好的曲面封堵自适应性能,增强了应急封堵的稳定性与可靠性。

With the development of the process industry, the leakage accidents of hazardous chemical materials are frequent in the process of storage and transportation, and the quick and effective disposal of the leakage points is of vital importance. It is difficult to plug the leakage in the complex curved surface areas of welds on large pipelines and storage tanks. To solve this problem, a quick plugging device was developed based on the fast positioning of permanent magnetic mechanism, combined with the adaptive airbag and diversion and pressure relief channel. Thus, the adaptive emergency plugging of the leakage point on the complex curved surface of the large curvature radius is realized. The finite element models were established for the flexible airbag plugging method and the conventional top pressure plugging method respectively, to perform simulation analysis on the pressure distribution at the plugging contact area around the leakage point of welds on the large storage tank while two methods were used. It is shown that when the flexible airbag plugging method is used for emergency plugging, an ideal contact area with uniform pressure is formed around the leakage point, so as to reduce effectively the stress concentration caused by the local deformation of the rubber when the conventional top pressure plugging method is adopted. It is demonstrated that the flexible airbag plugging method is better in adaptive performance to curved surface plugging and higher in the stability and reliability of emergency plugging. （9 Figures, 20 References）