急诊科医务人员艾滋病应对能力及培训需求调查分析

AIDS Coping Capacity and Training Demand of Emergency Medical Staff

目的通过调查了解目前我省急诊科医务人员艾滋病应对能力、培训现状及需求。方法采用自制的医务人员艾滋病应对能力调查问卷,于2016-03在全省范围内从各级医疗机构便利抽取331名急诊科医务人员进行调查。结果急诊科医务人员艾滋病应对能力评分(71.45±8.71)分;各维度评分中排列后4名的是职业暴露后预防用药及随访;艾滋病治疗药物;艾滋病病毒灭活、血液、体液处理;艾滋病实验室诊断指标。各维度评分排序前3的是艾滋病职业暴露预防;艾滋病临床表现和传播途径;国家政策及医院规章制度。88.5%的急诊科医务人员既往接受过艾滋病相关培训,94.9%的急诊科医务人员认为仍需接受此类培训;75.2%的急诊科医务人员知晓医院配备有防护用品,仅有45%的医务人员使用过;被调查对象中有83.1%的急诊科医务人员愿意为艾滋病患者提供诊疗服务,82.5%的急诊科医务人员认为为艾滋病患者诊疗会增加感染风险。结论通过调查可知急诊科医务人员艾滋病应对能力处于中等水平,艾滋病相关知识掌握不全面;医院应加强艾滋病职业暴露培训,提升培训覆盖率及培训效果;通过培训转变急诊科医务人员对艾滋病患者的诊疗态度,使到急诊就诊的艾滋病患者的获得平等诊治机会并保障急诊医务人员自身的职业安全。

Objective To investigate the AIDS coping capacity, trained status and training demand of emergency medical staff in Sichuan Province. Methods Using a self-developed questionnaire on medical staff＇s AIDS coping capacity, a survey was conducted in 331 emergency medical workers in medical institutions at different levels in the whole province in March 2016. Results The AIDS coping capacity score of emergency medical staff was 71.45 ± 8.71. Dimensions with the lowest scores were prophylactic treatment and follow-up after occupational exposure; AIDS treatment drugs; HIV inactivation, blood and body fluid disposal; AIDS laboratory diagnostic indicators. Dimensions with the highest scores were prevention of occupational exposure; clinical mani- festations and transmission routes of AIDS; national policies and hospital regulations. 88.5% of emergency medical staff have previously accepted AIDS related training; 94.9% considered they still needed such training;75.2% knew that their hospitals had been equipped with protective articles, while only 45% have used them; 83.1% were willing to provide diagnosis and treatment services to AIDS patients; 82.5% considered that diag- nosis and treatment of AIDS patients might increase the risk of infection. Conclusion Emergency medical staffs AIDS coping capacity is at the medium level; AIDS knowledge has not been mastered sufficiently; hospitals should enhance training on occupational exposure, improve the training coverage and training effects and change emergency medical staffs diagnosis and treatment attitudes to AIDS patients so that AIDS patients have equal opportunities to receive diagnosis and treatment in emergency departments and medial staffs occupational healthy can be guaranteed.