我国地方政府规模对异质性企业家精神的影响分析——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

Influence of Local Government Size on Heterogeneous Entrepreneurship in China——An Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

基于1998—2013年中国30个省区的平衡面板数据,本文对我国地方政府规模对企业家精神的影响进行实证检验,并进一步考察地方政府规模对生存型企业家精神和机会型企业家精神的不同影响.结果发现:总体来看,政府规模和企业家精神之间呈U形关系,即当政府规模较小时,政府规模扩张抑制了企业家精神,超过一定门槛之后,政府规模扩张将促进企业家精神.南方省区的实际影响居于U形曲线左侧区间,呈现单调的抑制效应;而北方省区的实际影响呈现较为完整的U形关系.从异质性企业家精神而言,政府规模对生存型企业家精神的影响呈现单调抑制特征,但对机会型企业家精神呈U形关系.研究结论支持了双引擎战略具备激励相容、协同驱动的基础,表明积极的财政政策仍然具有较好的操作空间,同时对企业家活动应提供差异化的政策支持.

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 1998 to 2013, it made an empirical analysis on the influence of local government size to entrepreneurship, and the differentiation of government size＇s impacts on necessity entrepreneurship and opportunity entrepreneurship. Generally speaking, there is a U shape relationship between government size and entrepreneurship, which means the entrepreneurship is curbed when the government size is small, and beyond a certain threshold, the expansion of the government size promotes entrepreneurship. The southern provinces are at the left side of the U shape curve with a monotonous inhibition effect, while the northern provinces show a relatively complete U shape effect. From the perspective of the heterogeneity of entrepreneurship, the government size has a monotonic inhibitive impact on necessity entrepreneurship while a U shape impact on opportunity entrepreneurship. These findings support the twin-engine strategy based on incentive compatibility and synergetic drive, and show that positive fiscal policy still has sound operating space, while the entrepreneur activities need to be supported by differentiated policy support.