情绪影响工作记忆的研究现状与发展动向

Current Research Status and Trends of Emotional Influence on Working Memory

情绪对知觉、注意、记忆和决策等认知功能起着重要的作用。工作记忆是对信息进行暂时加工和贮存的容量有限记忆系统,在知觉、记忆与人类认知行为之间搭起信息交流的平台。现有研究证明,情绪状态会影响正常人的工作记忆,而情绪障碍性疾病患者的工作记忆易受负性情绪影响而受到损伤,所以情绪与工作记忆的关系,特别是情绪对工作记忆的影响一直是认知心理学、认知神经科学的研究热点。研究情绪如何影响工作记忆,从情绪与工作记忆基本概念入手,分别综述其相关生理机制、经典理论、常用实验范式和已有研究成果,最后讨论其存在问题并预测其发展动向。

The emotion plays an important role in the cognition process,such as perception,attention,memory,and decision. Working memory is a finite memory system processing and storing the information momentarily,which builds up a platform to communicate for perception,memory and behavior. Up to date studies have found out that emotional status can affect the working memory,and the working memory of the patients with emotional disease can be damaged because of the negative emotion. Therefore the relationship between the emotion and working memory,especially the influence of emotion status on the working memory,has been the research issue that attracts intensive interests in the field of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. One of the crucial issues is how the emotion affects the working memory. This paper reviewed the physiological mechanism,classical theories,common experimental paradigms,and current researches results.Additionally existing problems and development trends were discussed.