微波萃取三尖杉种仁油脂的工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Technology of Cephalotaxus Fortunei Kernel Oil and Analysis of Its Fatty Acid Composition

以三尖杉种仁为原料,采用微波萃取技术对其油脂提取工艺进行优化,并通过气相色谱-质谱法对其脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明,三尖杉种仁油脂提取的最佳工艺条件:萃取溶剂为乙酸乙酯,料液比1∶25 g/m L,萃取时间20 min,萃取温度55℃;在此优化条件及微波功率为800 W时,三尖杉种仁油脂的提取率为58.28%。三尖杉种仁油脂的脂肪酸以棕榈酸(C16∶0,6.89%)、油酸(C18∶1n-9,48.23%)、亚油酸(C18∶2n-6,31.53%)和二十碳烯酸(C20∶1n-9,11.34%)为主,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数高达90%以上,属于高油酸-亚油酸型油脂,这表明三尖杉种仁油脂具有较高的营养价值,可作为植物油料新品种进行开发利用。

The paper took Cephalotaxus fortunei as raw material. The technology of microwave - assisted extraction of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil was optimized, and fatty acid composition was also analyzed by GC - MS in this paper. The experimental results indicated that the optimal extraction process of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil was as follows： took ethyl acetate as extracting solvent, materialsolvent ratio was 1：25 g/mL, extracting time was 20 rain, extracting temperature was 55 ℃, and the extracting rate was up to 58.28% under the optimized condition and microwave power was 800 W. The main fatty acids of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil were： palmitic acid （C16： 0, 6.89% ）, oleic acid （C18： 1n-9, 48.23% ）, linoleic acid （C18： 2n-6, 31.53% ） and eicosenoic acid （C20： In -9, 11.34% ） , and the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids was more than 90%. The kernel oil was classified as a high oleic acid -linoleic acid oil species, which suggested that the kernel oil had high nutritional value and could be developed and utilized as a new oil species.