西江上游“包花”“还花”仪式的教育人类学研究

An Educational Anthropology Research of “Bao Hua” and “Huan Hua” Rituals in Guangxi Region

"包花"是广西西江上游流域汉族儿童成长中的一项重要祈愿仪式,目的为将十六岁以下的儿童交托给当地的信仰神"王姥奶娘"等在"花园"中照看,去除其人生中的关煞,让其健康成长。作为与"包花"配套的还愿仪式,"还花"仪式举行的目的为儿童成长至进入婚姻之前向"王姥奶娘"等感恩。这两个仪式不但体现出地方仪式对人在"德、智、体、美、劳"方面全面而协调的教育,而且在教育方法与教育场所的适用上,都体现出了超乎学校课堂教育的多样性、灵活性与可调整性,满足了"成为一个具有理想人格的人"的教育本质价值取向。

＂Bao Hua＂ ritual is an important supplicating ritual for Han children in Guangxi region. This ritual aims at en- trusting the children to the local deity Wanglao who brings up the children in her garden healthily. The children who go through the ritual will get rid of disasters in their lives. The kid who has gone through the ＂ Bao Hua＂ ritual must go through the ＂Huan Hua＂ ritual to express his or her gratitude to Wanglao before his or her marriage as a companion. Both of these rituals don＇ t only embody the coordinated education in all - round development, but also embody the diversity, flexibility, and adjustability beyond the school education in the aspects of educational method and the application of education places. And above all, the education from local ritual meets the essential goal of education ： to become a person who have an ideal personality.