哈尔滨市卫生专业人员应对气候变化风险的认知调查

Survey on knowledge of reaction to climate change risks among health professionals in Harbin

[目的]了解哈尔滨市卫生专业人员对应对气候变化风险的认知得分及其影响因素。[方法]使用中国疾病预防控制中心设计的问卷,对415名可能与气候变化应对有关的不同医疗卫生机构专业人员应对气候变化风险的认知进行调查,内容包括:气候变化及影响认知、高温及其健康影响认知、应对意愿、行为认知,满分分别为16、22、4、6分。采用方差分析、相关性分析等方法对气候变化风险认知相关因素进行分析。[结果]调查平均得分为:气候变化及影响认知(11.19±3.96)分,高温及其健康影响认知(15.97±5.56)分,应对意愿(2.45±1.22)分,行为认知(5.56±0.86)分,总分(35.17±9.29)分。方差分析结果表明,不同性别在行为认知得分上不同(F=5.842,P=0.016);不同工作单位在气候变化及影响认知、高温及其健康影响认知、行为认知、总分上的得分不同(F=9.841,P=0.000;F=8.345,P=0.000;F=6.146,P=0.002;F=3.754,P=0.024);不同职称在认知、总分上的得分不同(F=3.327,P=0.037;F=3.444,P=0.033)。气候变化及影响认知与高温及其健康影响认知、应对意愿、行为认知各维度之间得分存在正相关。卫生专业人员以网络途径获得气候变化及其对健康影响的知识比例最高(73.7%),通过培训或会议获得气候变化知识比例最低(1.45%)。[结论]哈尔滨市卫生专业人员应对气候变化的行为认知得分高,高温及其健康影响认知得分中等,气候变化及影响认知和应对意愿得分低,职称和工作单位是风险认知得分的影响因素。

[Objective] To understand knowledge of reaction to climate change risks and related influencing factors among health professionals in Harbin. [Methods] A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among 415 health professionals from different medical institutions on knowledge of reacting to climate change risks, including climate change and effects, high temperature and health effects, coping intention, and behavior, with full scores of 16, 22, 4, and 6, respectively. Variance analysis and correlation analysis were performed to explore cognitive factors of reacting to climate change risks. [Results] The average scores on knowledge of reacting to climate change risks of the participants as follows： climate change and effects （11.19 ± 3.96）, high temperature and health effects （15.97 ± 5.56）, coping intention （2.45 ± 1.22）, and behavior （5.56 ± 0.86）. Variance analysis results showed different behavior scores among genders （F=5.842, P=0.016）, different knowledge of climate change and effects, knowledge of high temperature and health effects, knowledge of behavior, and total scores among different work units （F=9.841, P=0.000; F=8,345, P=0.000; F=6.146, P=0.002; F=3.754, P=0.024）, and different knowledge of high temperature and health effects and total scores among different job titles （F=3.327, P=0.037; F=3.444, P=0.033）. There were positive correlations of knowledge of climate change and effects with various dimensions of knowledge of high temperature and health effects, coping intention, and knowledge of behavior. In addition, 73.7% of the health workers received the knowledge of climate change and their health effects via internet; 1.45% of the health workers received related knowledge through training or meeting. [Conclusion] The selected health professionals in Harbin show high scores of knowledge of behavior, followed by knowledge of high temperature and health effects, but low scores of climate change and effects as well as coping intension. In addition, job title and work affiliation could affect risk cognition scores.