郑州市6165名5~11岁儿童夜间遗尿症的现状调查

The current status of nocturnal enuresis of 6165 children aged 5 to 11 in Zhengzhou city

目的调查郑州市儿童夜间遗尿症(nocturnal enuresis,NE)的发病率,并和10年前儿童夜间遗尿症的调查结果进行比较。方法自2017年5月至2017年11月,随机选择郑州市6个辖区共计20所幼儿园和小学的6 500名5～11岁儿童作为调查对象,采用匿名调查问卷的方式对原发性夜间遗尿症的流行病学情况进行调查。结果共发放问卷6 500份,回收有效问卷6 155份纳入统计分析,结果显示5～11岁儿童整体NE发病率为9.54%,男童发病率为10.09%,女童发病率为8.91%。5岁儿童NE发病率为14.48%,8岁儿童NE发病率为8.14%,11岁儿童NE发病率为3.08%,整体NE发病率随年龄增长而呈下降趋势。其中儿童患有夜间觉醒障碍以及儿童的家族直系亲属曾患有NE是儿童发病的危险因素。NE发病率高于2006年调查结果(P<0.05)。结论郑州市5～11岁儿童NE发病率较10年前升高,应引起重视并积极寻找夜间遗尿症发病率增加的原因。

Aims The purpose of present study is to investigate children＇s nocturnal enuresis （NE） prevalence in Zhengzhou City and comparing those investigated at 10 years ago of same areas. Methods From May. 2017 to Nov. 2017, a cross-sectional study of the enuresis prevalence was performed by distributing 6500 self-adminlstered questionnaires to parents of 5 to 11 years old children at 20 kindergartens and schools in Zhengzhou City, China. The anonymous questionnaire was filled by parents including information of age, gen- der arousal dysfunction, NE, physical or psychological disorders, and etc. Results A total of 6155 were qualified to enter the final statistical analysis. The overall prevalence of NE was 9.54% , in boys was 10.09% and in girls was 8.91% , ranging from 14.48% in aged 5-year-old group to 3.08% in aged 11-year-old group, the NE prevalence declined with the age increasing. By analyzing the risk factors of NE, we find that the risk factors of NE are sleep-wake disorder, NE genetic history. NE prevalence in 2017 is significant higher com- pared with those in 2006 （p 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The prevalence of NE increased significantly compared to 10 years ago. More studies are needed to find the reasons why the prevalence of NE increased.