个体成人的教育意蕴及其实现

The Educational Implication of Individual Growth and Its Realization

个体成长是一个过程,学校教育绝非个体发展的终结。如果说个体成人或成熟的标志乃是个体的哲学自觉,也即意识到自我作为人的目的与责任,由此而走向自我生命的深度反思,那么个体哲学自觉发生的关键时段在青年期并延伸到成年阶段,个体成长趋于成熟的关键阶段一般在35-40岁。一个人青春年少,难免血气旺盛,不足以达成深度的反思,因而需要持续的实际生活历练。个体走向哲学自觉的标志性实践形式是成为父母并懂得如何恰切地教育子女,子女的成长成为见证个体完整成人的试金石。我们需要立足终身发展,重新审视家庭对于个体发展的意义,并适当调整学校教育的目标与内容体系。

Individual growth is a process, and school education is not the terminal of it. The sign for individual growth or maturity is the individual＇s philosophical self-conscious- ness, that is to say, consciousness of the self as the goal and responsibility of a human being, thus bringing forth the profound reflection of life. Therefore, the critical period of philosophical self-consciousness is the period of adolescence, extending into adulthood. But the period of individual growth towards maturity is normally around the age of 35-40. When an individual is young, he or she would more or less be impulsive, unlikely to achieve profound reflection. Thus, he or she needs constant life experience. The iconic practice of individual progress towards philosophical self-consciousness is to understand how to appropriately educate children as parents. The growth of children is the touchstone for individual＇s complete maturity. We need to reassess the meaning of family for individual development on the basis of lifelong development, and adjust the goal and content structure of school education appropriately.