秦陇方言中的动态助词“些”

The Dynamic Auxiliary Word “Xie” in Qinlong Dialect

秦陇方言中虚词"些"做动态、体貌、情态助词是一种很独特的语法现象。秦陇方言中的虚词"些"做动态体貌情态助词时具有模糊普通话中助词着、了、过的时间体概念,具有客气、委婉、舒缓语气、模糊时间的意义,在读音上读拖长音,形成秦陇方言与普通话不同的语言面貌。针对秦陇方言中虚词"些"做动态体貌情态助词使用情况,文章在大量田野调查资料的基础上,对"些"从用在动词或动词重叠式的后面,指"待此动作完成后再做其它事"的意义,表示先行体,形成"v些"结构;用在动词、形容词后边表示动作行为静止状态或动作行为结束以后事物的存在状态,称之为"持续体";"些"和动词搭配表示动作行为已经发生,包括"完成体"和"实现体";"些"的历史发展演变等五个方面作了论述。

The function word ＂xie＇＂ used as dynamic, aspect and modal auxlhary＇s a very umque grammaucai phenomenon in Qinlong dialect, which will obscure the time concept of particles ＂zhe, le, guo＂ with a polite, tact- ful, soothing tone. By reading a long sound of ＂xie＂, it presents a linguistic feature of Qinlong dialect which is ver- y different from Mandarin. On the basis of a large number of field investigation, this study shows that ＂xie＂ is usu- ally used after the verbs or verb reduplication to mean ＂to do other things after the completion of this action＂, which is called ＂antecedent aspect＂ ; It is also used after the verbs or adjectives to indicate ＂the static condition of an action or the existential state of a finished action＂, called ＂continuance aspect＂ ; And ＂xie＂ can collocate with verbs to express ＂the completion or realization of behavior＂, called ＂perfective aspect＂ and ＂realized aspect＂.