“物”的胜利——以《政治经济学批判大纲》的《货币章》为中心

The Victory of the “Thing”——Focusing on the“Chapter on Money”in the Grundrisse

马克思与近代启蒙思想家相反,他把物规定为近代世界的主体,而把人理解为物的客体。本文以《政治经济学批判大纲》的《货币章》为基础,通过对"产品→商品→交换价值→货币"这一物的进化过程的分析,以"交换价值成为目的:人的主体地位失坠"、"中介物的独立:货币成为上帝"、"物的世界体系的形成"这样的三部分,重构了物从客体上升为主体,最后在人的世界中获得胜利的过程。

Contrary to the ideas of modern Enlightenment thinkers,Marx formulated the thing as the subject of the modern world,and the human being as object. Based on the Grundrisse's "Chapter on Money,"this paper reconstructs the process in which the thing ascends from object to subject and finally cruises to victory in the world of human beings; it does so by analyzing the evolution that proceeds from product to commodity to exchange value and ultimately to money. The completion of this process comprises of three steps: exchange value becoming the end,and the human being's status as subject collapsing; the independence of the medium,and money becoming God; and the formation of the world system of the thing.