语言哲学的激进潜能——当代左派哲学语境下的维特根斯坦

The Radical Dimension of Philosophy of Language——Wittgenstein in the Context of the Contemporary Philosophy of the Left

当代激进左派通过挪用维特根斯坦理论,有效回应了全球化及后工业时代所带来的规范性及"语言游戏"兴起的问题。其中,拉克劳和墨菲将辩证的张力注入维特根斯坦"遵守规则"悖论的阐释而引出霸权理论;维尔诺将"语言游戏"置入社会结构变迁的语境中,赋予其"创造"的使命;而巴丢和齐泽克则将维特根斯坦"可说"与"不可说"的关系嫁接上拉康"象征"与"实在"的图谱,从而以与阿甘本"重提元语言"相异的方式解构"生活形式"。当代左派学者通过重构维特根斯坦理论,将建立于绝对偶然性的变革性张力注入了语言哲学,并力图在此基础上用新的方式赋予主体存在以具有普遍性的意义空间,在理论上语言哲学开辟了前所未有的激进潜能。

By appropriating Wittgenstein's theory,contemporary radical leftists have efficiently responded to the issues of regularity and the language-game in the era of globalization and post-industrialization. They—including Laclau, Mouffe, Karatani, Negri, Virno, Agamben, Badiou, Zizek, etc. —have rebuilt Wittgenstein's theory on the basis of absolute contingency and introduced revolutionary force into philosophy of language. Thus,they have provided a space of meaning for the existence of subjects and extended the meaning of potentiality in philosophy of language.