当代中国妇女工作的历史经验、结构转型与发展方向

The Historical Experience,Structural Transformation,and Developing Direction of Contemporary China's Women's Work

改革开放近40年来,中国妇女工作正在经历全面、系统、结构和战略的转型,妇女工作性质由"妇女运动与妇女解放"转为"妇女发展",妇女工作主体由"妇联组织"转为"妇女儿童",妇女工作范围内容由"妇女解放、男女平等与服务保障"转为"社会性别平等与社会福利",妇女工作重点由"妇女运动与妇女发展"转为"保护妇女、母亲、儿童和家庭生活福利",妇女工作方法由"组织化、准行政化与群体化"转变为"项目化、个性化与专业化社会服务",它们指明了中国妇女工作的发展方向。1949—1977年、1978—1989年、1990—2001年、2002—2016年四个历史发展阶段清晰,时代特征鲜明,基本形成中国特色妇女工作模式。

Over the last 40 years of reform and opening up, China＇ s women＇ s work has been going through profound, systematic, structural and strategic transformations. The nature of women＇ s work has changed from women＇ s movement and liberation to women＇ s development. The main body of women＇ s work has changed from the Women＇ s Federation organizations to women and children. The main content and scope of women＇ s work has changed from women＇ s liberation, male-female equality, service and guarantee, to social gender equality and social welfare. The priority of Women＇ s work has transferred from women＇ s movement and development to the protection of women, mothers and children, and the welfare of family life. The working methods has changed from ＂organization, administration and group orientation＂ to ＂project, individual and professional oriented social services＂. All these together identified the developing direction of China＇ s women＇ s work. China＇ s women＇ s work can be divided into four stages since 1949, namely 1949- 1977, 1978- 1989, 1990- 2001, 2002- 2016. These four stages, each with very distinctive features, have basically formed the pattern of women＇ s work with Chinese characteristics.