生业转型、差序格局变迁与伦理选择

Transformation of the Living Industry,the Vicissitudes of the Differential Situation-Styleand the Ethical Choices

20世纪40年代,费孝通先生阐发了中国以农业为主业的生业模式、呈差序格局的乡土性社会结构及儒家伦理学说三者间的链式因果关系。与此同时,身处江南的"开弦弓村"的基层社会由于生业模式的变革开始产生新的意义上的乡土性,其呈差序格局的社会结构也受到了冲击。改革开放之后,一些乡土性颇浓的农村因外部世界的变革引发了生业转型与"差序格局"的社会结构的变迁,这在陕北地区的"井村"体现可以概括为三个主要趋势:人际关系商品化、政治与社会活动功利化及宗族观念淡漠化。结合上述讨论,可以说,如果儒家伦理要想再次焕发生机,符合中国特色社会主义核心价值观的伦理理念,达到"以自身的价值塑造现代生活"的目标,至少得通过自我扬弃以便与现时代的生业模式和社会结构相适应。

In1940s,Mr.Hsiao-Tung FEI elucidated the chain causality among China’ s agriculture,ruralsociety structure and Confucian ethics.Meanwhile,as a result of the transformation of the career model,“openstring Village” of the grass-roots society began to produce a new local,and the social structure of the differenti-al situation-style had also been impacted.After the reform and opening to the outside world,changes in the out-side world have triggered changes in the social structure and career transformation in some rural villages,whichcan be summarized into three major trends in the “Well village” in the northern Shaanxi：the commercializationof interpersonal relationship,the utilitarianism of politics and social activities and the idea that clan is apathet-ic.Combined with the above discussion,if it is to revive as new birth in accords with the core values of social-ism with Chinese characteristics of ethical concept and to achieve “to shape their own value” modern life goal,Confucian ethics must adapt to our present profession mode and social structure through sublimating.