对网球发球技术动作的构成与动力学研究

Research on Constitution and Dynamics of Tennis Serving Movements

通过查阅文献资料和对世界优秀职业选手发球技术动作的图像、录像分析等研究方法,对网球发球技术的整个动作结构和动力传递进行深入、全面的研究。认为网球发球技术动作由四个阶段组成,其中抛球与挥拍和挥拍击球是最关键的两个阶段,同时注意各个阶段间的有效衔接,保持良好的发球节奏,这对于增加挥拍速度起到至关重要的作用。发球的力量来源主要是屈膝和向上弹跳击球时膝部蹬伸动作,膝部的屈伸所产生的爆发力通过髋部转移到躯干,髋部充分前顶,上体的三维空间转动,使整个身体有一个向上发力的动作,在向上和向前挥拍击球时,大臂以极快的速度向内绕环完成击球动作。

Through research methods such as literature method and image and video analysis method on world elite professional players' serving movements,this paper makes deep and overall study on the overall motion structure and kinetic chain in serving. It is concluded that the serving movement is consists of 4 phases in which the most important 2 phases are racket swinging & hitting and hitting the ball. At the same time,effective conjunction between phases and good serving rhythm are of good importance for enhancing swinging speed. Serving force is mainly produced from keen bending and stretching while hitting,transferred to trunk through hip,the hip moves forward fully,the upper body rotates in 3 mansions,which makes the body to produce a vertical force upwards. When swinging the racket upwards and forward,while the upper arm rotates inside extreme fast to execute the hitting movement.