从孔子和苏格拉底的死亡观看中西文化差异

Study of the Cultural Differences between East and West by Comparing Different Views of Death from Confucius and Socrates

死亡是哲学和人生要面对的第一个问题,是人类的普世关切,对死亡的探讨及认识,直接影响着对人生意义和生命价值的认识。对比孔子和苏格拉底这两位对中国文化和西方文化具有举足轻重意义的轴心时代思想家、哲学家的死亡观之异同,发现东西方文化在天人关系上的相异、地理环境的不同和语言文字的影响是导致这种差异产生的根本原因。

Death,the universal concern of all human beings,is the first concept that phylosoghy and life are supposed to deal with.Discussion and understanding of the topic of death has immediate effects on people's perception of the meaning and value of life.This paper compares the Confucian views on death with those of Socrates to find out the similarities and differences between their thinkings,and by doing so,to further find out that these cultural differences between the East and the West are brifely based on three elements:different views on human-nature relation,geographical positions effect and linguistic influences.