2006-2014年重庆市恶性肿瘤疾病负担研究

Study on burden of malignant tumor in Chongqing in 2006-2014

目的分析重庆市恶性肿瘤的疾病负担,为制定肿瘤防治措施提供可靠的科学依据。方法收集重庆市2006-2014年死因监测登记系统中居民恶性肿瘤死亡的数据,采用死亡率和伤残调整生命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALY)评估重庆市居民恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。结果 2006-2014年重庆市居民恶性肿瘤平均死亡率为162.68/10万,男性为214.89/10万,女性为108.75/10万,男性高于女性(P<0.01);2006-2014年DALY平均损失为16.44/千人口,其中早死损失寿命年(years of life lost,YLL)占97.69%,带伤残生存年(years lived with disability,YLD)占2.31%,YLL损失高于YLD(P<0.01);恶性肿瘤损失强度最大的年龄段是60~79岁,占所有恶性肿瘤37.79%。前5位疾病负担顺位分别为肺癌、肝癌、食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌,占所有恶性肿瘤的72.30%。2006-2014年肺癌和肝癌DALY损失强度逐年增长,而女性乳腺癌DALY损失强度也逐年增长。结论重庆市恶性肿瘤的疾病负担随着时间的增长不断增加,其中早死所致的疾病负担大于伤残。疾病负担主要集中在30岁以上的人群,其中肺癌和消化系统恶性肿瘤是重点防控的恶性肿瘤。

Objective To analyze the burden of malignant tumor in Chongqing and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of malignant tumor. Methods Mortality data of malignant tumor during 2006 and2014 were collected from death registration system in Chongqing city.The disease burden was assessed by disability adjusted life year（DALY）and mortality rate. Results The average death rate of patients with malignant tumors was 162.68 per 100 000 population which was higher among males than females（214.89 vs108.75 per 100 000;P〈0.01）.From 2006 to 2014,the annual average DALY rate was 16.44/1 000 population,and year of life lost（YLL）and years lived with disability（YLD）accounted for 97.69% and 2.31% of the total DALYs,respectively,the difference was significant（P〈0.01）.Malignant tumors were the leading cause of the DALYs loss among residents aged 60-79 years,accounting for 37.79% of the total.The five leading malignant tumors by DALYs loss were lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,stomach cancer and colorectal cancer,respectively,accounting for 72.30% of the DALYs of all malignant tumors.From 2006 to2014,the DALY rates of lung cancer and liver cancer as well as female breast cancer gradually increased.Conclusions The disease burden of malignant tumors in Chongqing city becomes much heavier in recent years,which is mainly caused by early death other than disability and residents aged over 30 years.Lung cancer and digestive tract malignant tumors are the major cancers need to be put under controlled.