某三甲医院妇科恶性肿瘤的流行病学研究

Study on Epidemiology and Environmental Factors of Gynecologic Malignant Tumor

目的研究该地区妇科恶性肿瘤分布特征及流行病学的情况,结合环境因素进行相关的发病因素调查。方法对某院1997年-2016年间患妇科恶性肿瘤的患者按年龄、肿瘤的种类,结合生活、饮食习惯及环境因素进行分析,用客观数据分析与肿瘤存在可能的环境相关因素。结果 20年间妇科恶性肿瘤的发病人数呈上升趋势,2016年的患病人数较1997年增加了近12倍,构成比前3位为宫颈、子宫体、卵巢恶性肿瘤,占96.12%。妇科恶性肿瘤总的高发年龄段为高发年龄段在50岁~59岁,占33.61%(1941/5776),其次为40岁~49岁,占31.64%(1828/5776);家庭生活调查发现,本组宫颈癌患者配偶的包皮切除率只有2%,发病前5年经常在公共室内泳池游泳的患者占2.3%,本组病例饮食调查发现,以养殖鸡为主要肉类来源的患者占98%。通过万方数据库以"生长激素"及"添加剂"为关键词的相关文献统计,2006年后的肿瘤发生例数明显增高,和前10年统计有显著差异性。结论 10年间妇科恶性肿瘤的患病人数呈上升趋势,宫颈、子宫体及卵巢恶性肿瘤是目前的防治重点。调查显示肿瘤和生活习惯,饮食有一定关系。广泛开展卫生宣传教育,推广宫颈癌疫苗接种,定期的体格检查,注意食物安全,对降低肿瘤发生率和死亡率有帮助。

Objective Study the distribution and epidemiology of gynecological malignant tumors, and to investigate the related factors. Methods The patients with gynecologic malignancies in our hospital during 1997-2016 were analyzed according to age and type of tumor, Based on the analysis of life, eating habits and environmental factors, objective data were used to analyze the possible environmental factors. Results In 20 years,the incidence of gynecological malignant tumors showed an upward trend, The number of people in 2016 increased by nearly 12 times compared with 1997, The composition of the top 3 for cervical cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, accounting for 96.12%. The highest incidence age of gynecological malignant tumors was 50-59 years old,accounting for 33.61%, Family life survey found that cervical cancer patients in this group, the rate of circumcision was only 2%, 5 years before the onset of swimming in public indoor pool of patients accounted for about 2.3%, In this case, we found that the main source of meat was 98%, Statistical analysis of ＂growth hormone＂ and ＂additives＂ as the key words in Wanfang database, After 2006, the number of cases of tumor was significantly higher than that of the first 10 years. Conclusion In 10 years, the number of gynecological malignant tumors increased, Cervical,uterine and ovarian malignant tumors are the key points of prevention and cure. Survey shows that cancer and lifestyle, diet has a certain relationship. Extensive health education, promotion of cervical cancer vaccine, regular physical examination, to reduce the incidence of cancer and mortality help.