长沙地区1985例肺癌的临床病理分析

Clinicopathologic analysis of 1985 cases of lung cancer in the Changsha area

目的 :分析 1991年～ 2 0 0 0年长沙地区肺癌发病情况及病理组织学类型的变化。方法 :对 1991年～ 1995年 788例肺癌及 1996年～ 2 0 0 0年 1197例肺癌标本进行HE染色 ,部分作免疫组织化学染色检查。结果 :90年代后期与前期相比 ,长沙地区肺癌发病及病理组织学类型的变化为①肺癌发病数迅速增加 ;②发病性别差异缩小 ,女性肺癌明显增加 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;③肺癌发病高峰年龄后移 10年 ;④腺癌和小细胞癌增加明显 (P <0 .0 0 1和P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :90年代后期长沙地区肺癌发病处于高增长幅度趋势 ,且以女性肺癌明显增加 ;低分化癌占多数 ,肺腺癌和小细胞癌发病增高为特征 ,这可能与遗传因素和严重的环境污染危害有关。

Objective To analyse the pathogenesis and histopathologic changes of lung cancer in the Changsha area from 1991 to 2000. Methods Seven hundred and eighty eight cases of lung cancer from 1991 to 1995 and 1197 cases from 1996 to 2000 were studied retrospectively by histologic examination. All the sections were stained by HE, and some cases by immunohistochemistry. Results In comparison of the lung cancer cases in the early 1990's with those in the late 1990's, it was found that (1) the number of lung cancer cases increased fast in the Changsha area; (2) the incidence of lung cancer increased in women compared with men (P<0.001); (3) the peak ages of incidence were from 51 to 60 years in the early 1990's, and from 61 to 70 years in the late 1990's; (4) there was an increased incidence of adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer in the late 1990's (P<0.001 and P<0.05). Conclusion In the late 1990's, the incidence of lung cancer in Changsha area showed a tendency to increase, in which the number of females with lung cancer increased compared with males. The majority were poor differentiation carcinomas, and the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma and oat cell carcinoma showed a tendency to increase in all lung carcinomas. These changes may be related to genetic factors and severe environmental pollution.