多营养源饲粮对生长育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及肉品质的影响

Effects of Multi-Nutrient Source Diet on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Meat Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究多营养源饲粮对生长育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及肉品质的影响,探索使用非常规饲料原料配制饲粮的可能性。试验选取日龄相近、体重在(41.06±1.43)kg的"杜长大"生长猪48头,随机分配到2个组,分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(对照组)和多营养源饲粮(试验组),每组12个重复,每个重复2头猪。生长阶段试验期为42 d,育肥阶段待猪体重达120 kg时,每个组选择5头猪进行屠宰并测定肉品质。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组试验猪平均日采食量提高了7.76%(P>0.05),平均日增重、料重比和能量摄入量均无显著差异(P>0.05);2)与对照组相比,试验组钙、磷、能量、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和干物质的表观消化率显著降低(P<0.05),粗脂肪的表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05);3)与对照组相比,饲喂多营养源饲粮显著提高了试验猪血清谷丙转氨酶的活性(P<0.05),但对其余血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);4)与对照组相比,饲喂多营养源饲粮对猪肉品质及背最长肌肌内脂肪和蛋白质含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可知:在本试验条件下,饲喂以非常规饲料原料为主的多营养源饲粮降低了生长育肥猪营养物质表观消化率,但对其生长性能和肉品质无负面影响。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of multi-nutrient source diet on growth per- formance, nutrient apparent digestibility and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs, exploring the possibility of using unconventional raw materials to make feed. A total of 48 healthy DurocxLandracexYorkshire growing pigs with an initial average body weight of （41.06±1.43） kg were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 12 rep- licates each and 2 pigs in each replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a corn-soybean basal diet, and in the experimental group were fed a multi-nutrient source diet. The growing stage was last for 42 days, and five pigs were chosen in each group to slaughter for measuring meat quality when the body weight reached about 120 kg during finishing stage. The results showed as follows： 1 ） compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake of pigs in the experimental group was decreased by 7.76% （P〉0.05）, and there were no sig- nificant differences on average daily gain, the ratio of feed to gain and energy intake between two groups （ P〉 0.05） ; 2） compared with the control group, apparent nutrient digestibility of calcium, phosphorus, energy, crude protein, ash and dry matter in the experimental group was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference in ether extract apparent nutrient digestibility （P〉0.05） ; 3 ） compared with the control group, the serum alanine transaminase activity was significantly increased by the multi-nutrient source diet （P〈0,05）, but the other serum biochemical indices were not significantly affected （P〉0.05） ; 4） com- pared with the control group, the multi-nutrient source diet had no significant effects on the meat quality and contents of fat and protein in longissimus doris of pigs （P〉0.05）. In summary, under the condition of this test, feeding the multi-nutrient source diet prepared by unconventional raw materials decreases the apparent nu- trient digestibility, but has no side effects on the growth performance and meat quality of growing-finishingpigs.