饲粮添加壳寡糖对肉鸡肉品质、抗氧化性能、小肠黏膜组织结构及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Dietary Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Meat Quality,Antioxidant Activity,Intestinal Mucosal Structure and Intestinal Flora of Broilers

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加壳寡糖(COS)对肉鸡肉品质、抗氧化性能、小肠黏膜组织结构及肠道菌群的影响。选用300只1日龄健康的爱拔益加(AA)雄性肉鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。空白对照组饲喂不含抗生素的基础饲粮,正对照组饲喂添加100 mg/kg金霉素的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加50、100和150 mg/kg COS的基础饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明,与空白对照组相比:1)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了胸肌和腿肌的红度(a*)值(P<0.05)。2)饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg COS显著提高了1~21日龄血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性(P<0.05),饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了22~42日龄血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和T-SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),饲粮添加50 mg/kg COS显著提高了22~42日龄血清T-SOD和GSH-Px活性(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了1~21日龄和22~42日龄空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05)。4)饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg COS显著降低了回肠大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05)。5)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了肉鸡的平均日增重(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加COS可提高肉鸡抗氧化性能,改善肉鸡肉品质和肠黏膜组织结构,并在一定程度上改善肠道菌群结构。COS在肉鸡饲粮中的适宜添加量为100 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide （COS） on meat quality, antioxidant activity, intestinal mucosal structure and intestinal flora of broilers. A total of 300 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres （AA） male broilers were randomly allotted to 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate. The blank control group was fed a basal diet without any antibiotic, the posi- tive control group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg chlortetracycline, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg COS, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows, compared with the blank control group： 1 ） dietary supple- mented with 100 mg/kg COS significantly increased the redness （ a＊ ） value of breast muscle and thigh muscle （P〈0.05）. 2） Dietary supplemented with 50 and 100 mg/kg COS significantly increased the serum total su- peroxide dismutase （ T-SOD ） activity during 1 to 21 days of age （ P 〈 0.05 ）, dietary supplemented with 100 mg/kg of COS significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）, T-SOD activity and gluta- thione peroxides （GSH-Px） activity in serum during 22 to 42 days of age （P〈0.05）, dietary supplemented with 50 mg/kg COS significantly increased serum T-SOD and GSH-Px activities during 22 to 42 days of age （P〈0.05）. 3） Dietary supplemented with 100 mg/kg COS significantly increased the villous height and villous height/crypt depth of jejunum during 1 to 21 days of age and 22 to 42 days of age （P〈0.05）. 4） Dietary sup- plemented with 50 and 100 mg/kg COS significantly decreased the ileal Escherichia coli number （P〈0.05）. 5） Dietary supplemented with 100 mg/kg COS significantly increased the average daily gain of broilers （P〈 0.05）. It can be concluded that dietary COS can increase antioxidant activity, improve meat quality and intesti- nal mucosal structure, and improve the intestinal flora structure to a certain extent of broilers. The optimum supplemental level of COS in diet for broilers is 100 mg/kg.