夏季高温条件下饲粮中添加刺梨提取物对皖西白鹅生长性能、脂质代谢及肝脏中热休克蛋白70基因表达的影响

Effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Extract on Growth Performance,Lipid Metabolism and Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression in Liver of Wanxi White Geese under High Temperature in Summer

本试验旨在研究夏季高温条件下饲粮中添加刺梨提取物对皖西白鹅生长性能、脂质代谢及肝脏中热应激蛋白70(HSP70)基因表达的影响。挑选28日龄、体重相近的健康皖西白鹅150只,随机分成3组,即对照组、试验1组和试验2组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只鹅。对照组试验鹅饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组和试验2组试验鹅分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100和200 mL/kg刺梨提取物的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期14 d,试验期间最高气温37℃,最低气温24℃,日平均气温31.6℃。饲喂2周后,每个重复挑选1只鹅屠宰,采集血样,并分离出肝脏,测定血清脂质代谢指标和肝脏中HSP70基因的相对表达量。结果表明:饲粮中添加刺梨提取物对皖西白鹅的平均日采食量和平均日增重均无显著影响(P>0.05),但添加200 mL/kg刺梨提取物可显著降低料重比(P<0.05);饲粮中添加100和200 mL/kg刺梨提取物均可显著提高血清高密度脂蛋白含量(P<0.05),但对血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试验1组和试验2组肝脏中HSP70基因的相对表达量均极显著提高(P<0.01),同时试验1组肝脏中HSP70基因的相对表达量还极显著高于试验2组(P<0.01)。由此得出,在夏季高温条件下,在皖西白鹅饲粮中添加刺梨提取物可提高饲料转化率、调节脂质代谢、上调肝脏中HSP70基因的表达,具有较明显的抗应激效果,且添加量为100 mL/kg时的抗应激效果优于添加量为200 mL/kg时。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. （RRT） extract on growth performance, lipid metabolism and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） gene expression in liver of Wanxi white geese under high temperature in summer. One hundred and fifty 28-day-old Wanxi white geese with the similar body weight were randomly allotted to three groups including control group, trial group 1 and trial group 2, and each group had 5 replicates and each replicate had 10 geese. The geese in control group were fed a basal diet, and geese in trial group 1 and trial group 2 were fed experimental diets which supplemented with 100 and 200 mL/kg RRT extract in the basal diet, respectively. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 14 days. During the experiment, the highest temperature was 37 ℃, the lowest temperature was 24 ℃, and the average daily temperature was 31.6 ℃. After feeding two weeks, one goose in each replicate was selected and slaughtered, and then the blood samples were collected to measure serum lipid metabolism indices and the liver samples were separated to measure liver HSP70 gene relative expression level. The results showed that no significant differences were found in the average daily gain （ADG） and average daily feed intake （ADFI） among three groups （ P〉 0.05 ） , however, the gain/feed （F/G） was significantly improved when diet supplemented with 200 mL/kg RRT extract （P〈0.05）. Diet supplemented with 100 and 200 mL/kg RRT extract could increase the serum high-density lipoprotein （HDL） content （P〈0.05）, where- as serum total cholesterol （TC） and triglyceride （TG） contents were not significantly affected by RRT extract supplementation （P〉0.05）. Compared with the control group, the relative expression level of HSP70 gene in liver of trial group 1 and trial group 2 was extremely significantly increased （ P〈0.01 ）, and trial group 1 was extremely significantly higher than trial group 2 （P〈0.01）. From above results, it can be concluded that RRT extract supplemented into the diet of Wanxi white geese can improve the feed conversion rate, regulate lipid metabolism and up-regulate liver HSP70 gene expression, so it has obvious anti-stress effect under high temper- ature in summer, and the anti-stress effect of 100 mL/kg RRT extract is better than that of 200 mL/kg RRT extract.