不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清、鸡蛋中抗体含量的影响

Effects of Crude Polysaccharides Isolated from Alfalfa Used Different Drying Process on Performance,Egg Quality and Serum and Egg Antibody Contents of Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、器官指数和血清、鸡蛋中抗体含量的影响。选取54只38周龄的京红1号产蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组18个重复,每个重复1只鸡,单笼饲养。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg微波真空干燥所得苜蓿粗多糖1(ACPS1)和减压烘干干燥所得苜蓿粗多糖2(ACPS2)。试验期65 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)在试验第28~36天,ACPS1组蛋鸡的平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05);饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡各阶段的产蛋率和平均日增重均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)试验第63天,ACPS1组蛋鸡的蛋黄颜色显著增加(P<0.05);试验第30天,饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡的蛋壳颜色、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度和哈氏单位均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)ACPS1组蛋鸡的肝脏指数显著增加(P<0.05),ACPS2组的卵巢指数显著降低(P<0.05);且ACPS1组的肝脏指数和卵巢指数均显著高于ACPS2组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡的脾脏指数和输卵管指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)ACPS1组蛋鸡血清中免疫球蛋白Y(Ig Y)含量显著增加(P<0.05),ACPS1和ACPS2组血清中新城疫抗体(NDV-Ab)、蛋黄中NDV-Ab、蛋清中免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)和免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)含量均显著增加(P<0.05);且ACPS1组蛋黄中NDV-Ab、蛋清中Ig A和Ig M含量均显著高于ACPS2组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,饲粮中添加苜蓿粗多糖能加深蛋鸡的蛋黄颜色,增加血清和鸡蛋中的抗体含量,且ACPS1的效果更佳。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of crude polysaccharides isolated from alfalfa （ACPS） used different drying process on performance, egg quality, organ indexes and serum and egg antibody contents of laying hens. Fifty four 38-week-old Jinghong No. 1 laying hens were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 18 replicates per group and 1 hen per replicate fed in single cage. The hens in control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg ACPS by microwave vacuum drying method （ACPS1） and ACPS by decompression drying method （ACPS2）, respectively. The experiment lasted for 65 days. The results showed as follows： compared with the control group, 1 ） the average daily feed intake of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly in- creased from 28 to 36 days （P〈0.05）. Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on egg production and average daily gain of laying hens among all phases （P〉0.05）. 2） The yolk color of lay- ing hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased at 63 days （P〈0.05）. Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on eggshell color, yolk color, albumen height and Haugh unit at 30 days （P〉 0.05）. 3） The liver index of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased （P〈0.05） , the ovarian index in ACPS2 group was significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, and the liver index and ovarian index in ACPS1 group were significantly higher than those in ACPS2 group （P〈 0.05 ）. Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on spleen index and oviduct index （P〉0.05）. 4） The content of immuno- globulin Y （IgY） in serum of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased （P〈0.05）, the contents of Newcastle disease antibody （NDV-Ab） in serum, NDV-Ab in yolk and immunoglobulin A （IgA） and im- munoglobulin M （IgM） in albumen in ACPS1 and ACPS2 groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. The contents of NDV-Ab in yolk and IgA and IgM in albumen in ACPS1 group were higher than those in ACPS2 group （P〈0.05）. These data suggest that dietary ACPS can deepen the yolk color, increase the content of anti- body in serum and egg, and ACPS1 has a better effect.