天然气分布式能源系统机组选型研究

Research on Generator Unit Selection for Natural Gas Distributed Energy Systems

天然气分布式能源系统多采用冷热电三联供(Combined Cooling,Heat and Power,CCHP)形式,具有能源利用效率高、低碳环保等优点,如何合理地选择燃气发电装置是发展天然气冷热电三联供系统的关键技术难题。当前应用最广泛的天然气分布式能源系统机组为燃气内燃机、小型燃气轮机和微型燃气轮机,对它们进行定性分析,并针对不同用户的负荷特性需求,给出了综合医院、大型商场、寄宿制学校、城市综合体等典型机组配置方案。通过对不同装机容量等级、不同负荷需求、不同运行模式系统的技术经济分析比较得出以下结论:对于较低容量的冷热电联产系统,如医院、商场等场合,燃气内燃机具有明显的节能和经济效益;燃气轮机联合循环适用于规模更大的系统,且其供热能力突出;对于热负荷需求较高的场合,如寄宿制学校等,燃气轮机的方案更合理。

With the advantages of high energy efficiency and low carbon emission,combined cooling,heat and power （CCHP） is often adopted for natural gas distributed energy system.The rational selection of gas gener- ator is the key technical problem in the development of natural gas CCHP system.This article qualitatively analyzes three widely used gas generators for natural gas distributed energy system including gas-fired inter- nal combustion engine ,small gas turbine and micro gas turbine ,and gives typical unit configuration schemes for general hospital,shopping mall,boarding school and urban complex according to the load characteristic requirements of different users.The technical and economic analysis on the system under different installed capacities,different load demands and different operation modes shows that gas-fired internal combustion en- gine has more advantages in energy saving and economic benefits for small-scale CCHP systems in places such as hospitals and shopping mails ,gas turbine combined cycle,with an excellent heating capacity ,is more applicable for larger capacity CCHP system ,and gas turbine is more suitable for places with high heat load demand such as boarding schools.