我国可再生能源发电产业扶持政策研究

Research on Policies Supporting China′s Renewable Energy Generation Industry

近年来,我国以风电、光伏为代表的可再生能源发电装机规模大幅增长,2016年全国风电并网装机容量约149GW,光伏并网装机容量约78GW。在今后很长一段时间内可再生能源发电装机仍将继续快速增长,并在一次能源中占据关键位置。在这一过程中,以补贴(含标杆上网电价)和配额为主的可再生能源发电产业扶持政策起到了重要乃至决定性的作用,但同时也暴露出一定程度的不足,如标杆上网电价调整的实际效果难以保证、补贴的实际情况不容乐观、配额制难以快速大范围展开等。我国现行可再生能源发电产业扶持政策还具有一定的改进空间。建议要稳步、有规律地调整可再生能源标杆上网电价,在近中期每年固定时间确定两年后的可再生能源上网标杆电价与三年后的可再生能源上网标杆电价浮动范围,并同步调整可再生能源电价附加标准;与电力体制改革进展情况相配合,逐步推进可再生能源配额制;同时,鼓励各类企业,尤其是有关制造企业开展可再生能源发电设施的后处理工作。

In recent years,China＇s installed power generation capacity of renewable energy,as represented by wind power and photovohaic,increased significantly.In 2016,the installed capacity of grid-connected wind power was about 149GW and the installed capacity of grid-connected photovohaic was about 78GW.The in- stalled power generation capacity of renewable energy will continue to grow rapidly and dominate the primary energy for a long time in the future.In this process,subsidies （including benchmark FIT） and RPS based poli- cies supporting the renewable energy generation industry played an important and decisive role and also ex- posed some inadequacies ,for example ,the actual effect of benchmark FIT adjustment was difficult to guaran- tee ,the actual situation of subsidies was not optimistic and the RPS was difficult to carry out rapidly and widely.There is still room for improvement in the current policies supporting the renewable energy generation industry.Several suggestions are proposed,including steadily and regularly adjusting the benchmark FIT for re- newable energy ,determining the benchmark FIT two years later and the fluctuation range of benchmark FIT three years later at fixed times each year in the near to mid-term,synchronously adjusting the additional standard for the tariff of renewable energy,gradually promoting the RPS for renewable energy in line with the progress of power system reform,and encouraging various enterprises,especially manufacturing enterprises,to carry out the post-treatment of used renewable energy generation facilities.