201例死胎原因及引产方式分析

An analysis of risk factors and approaches of induced labour in 201 stillbirth

目的探讨死胎相关病因以及引产方式。方法回顾性研究201例宫内死胎患者的临床资料,分析死胎发生原因和引产方式。结果宫内死胎患者大部分为正常育龄期妇女,农村妇女、初产妇较多,主要发生在孕28~35周。病因归为母体因素者58.71%,主要包括高血压相关疾病、糖尿病、甲状腺功能异常及感染;此外,胎盘相关因素、胎儿因素和不明原因分别占24.88%、8.96%和7.46%。乳酸依沙吖啶羊膜腔内注射引产和水囊+缩宫素静脉滴注引产是最常用的两种方式。结论加强宣教、常规定期产检、完善产前诊断、每日监测胎动、早期治疗和干预有助于预防死胎的发生。发生死胎后宜及时终止妊娠,可根据患者孕周及病情不同采取个性化方式。

Objective To investigate the related risk factors and approaches of induced labour of stillbirth.Methods The clinical data of 201 cases of stillbirth were retrospectively studied.The reasons for stillbirth and approaches of induced labour were analyzed.Results Of 201 cases,stillbirth occurred mostly in women of child-bearing age,rural area and primipara during 28-35 gestational weeks.The maternal factors took up approximately 58.71%,mainly including hypertension related disease,diabetes mellitus,thyroid dysfunction and infection.In addition,the placenta-related factors, fetal factors and unknown reasons accounted for 24.88%,8.96% and 7.46%,respectively.The ethacridine lactate and water sac plus oxytocin injection were most commonly used in induced labour. Conclusion Strengthening health education enhancing,carrying out periodic prenatal examination, improving prenatal diagnosis,monitoring fetal movement everyday,providing early treatment and intervention are helpful to prevent the occurrence of stillbirth.Termination of pregnancy should be done timely after stillbirth,and approaches of induced labour are choosen individually according to different gestational age and patients＇condition.