环境公益诉讼原告利益保障机制研究

A Study on the Safeguard Mechanism of Plaintiff's Interests in Environmental Public Welfare Litigation

我国学界以往对环境公益诉讼的研究,大多忽视了环境公益诉讼原告利益在其中的地位和作用。实际上,我国环保社会组织在提起环境公益诉讼的过程中,自身利益将遭受一定的减损,而社会公众都会从诉讼可能的胜诉结果中受益,这有违正义的要求。确认并保障环境公益诉讼原告环保组织的利益,既是环境正义价值的必然要求,也是促进环保组织提起诉讼的基础,这将使环境公益诉讼制度本身获得可持续的发展,增加受损生态环境得到修复的机会。应当受到保障的原告利益既包括经济利益也包括非经济利益,原告利益保障机制建立和完善可以从公益诉讼基金、胜诉奖励、原告主体适格、防报复等机制着手。

In the past,in academic studies on environmental public welfare litigation,most scholars ignored the position and role of plaintiffs'interests in environmental public interest litigation.In fact,in the process of bringing environmental public welfare litigation,the environmental protection social organizations in China will suffer some damage in their own interests and the public will benefit from the outcome of the winning proceedings,which is against the requirements of justice.Confirming and protecting interests of the plaintiff environmental protection organization are not only the necessary requirements of the environmental justice but also the basis for promoting environmental protection organizations'litigation,which will enable the environmental public interest litigation system to achieve sustainable development and help the damaged ecological environment to be repaired.The interests of the plaintiffs that should be protected include both economic and non-economic interests.The establishment and improvement of the plaintiff's benefit protection mechanism can proceed from mechanisms such as public welfare litigation funds,winning awards,the plaintiff's qualification,and anti-retaliation mechanisms.