高若讷与“卫多名医”考论

Textual research on Gao Ruone and the saying of ＂Weizhou is full of famous physicians＂

在文彦博为高若讷撰写的《墓志铭》中，高若讷因母病而知医，体现了作为“儒者”的“孝”的一面。叶梦得《避暑录话》云：“郓人多医，尤工伤寒，皆本高氏”，《宋史·高若讷传》进一步演绎为“名医多出卫州，皆本高氏学”。同时，高若讷被黄庭坚视为从黄帝、岐伯至张仲景以来，医学知识传承脉络中的重要一环。究其原因在于高若讷曾考校“张仲景《伤寒论诀》、孙思邈《方书》及《外台秘要》”，使其得以流传，宋人也因此而知晓这些方书。宋人对高若讷记述的变化，突显了宋人对医学文本阅读在医学知识传承中重要作用的认同。

In Gao Ruone＇ s epitaph written by Wen Yanbo, it was mentioned that Gao studied med- icine because of his mother＇ s diseases, reflecting his filial piety as a Confucianist. It was recorded that ＂more Yun people engaged in medical profession, especially proficient at treating cold damage diseases, and all followed Gao＇ s theory＂ in Ye Mengde＇ s Bi shu lu hua （ Notes Taken When Spending The Summer Days ） ~ In Gao Ruone^s BiographyofHistory of Song Dynasty, the sentence was deduced as ＂famous doctors mostly coming from Weizhou, and all following Gao＇ s theory＂. Meanwhile, Gao Ruone was considered by Huang Tingjian as an important partin the transmission of medical knowledge after Huangdi, Qi Bo and Zhang Zhon^ing. The reason was that Gao Ruone did revise and check Zhongjing＇ s Shang han lunjue （Rhymes of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases） , Sun Simiao＇ s Fang shu （Prescriptions） and Wai tai mi yao （Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library） to make them circulate, and known to the Song people. The changes in the descriptions of Gao Ruone illustrated the recognition by the Song people on the important role of medical text reading in the transmission of medical knowledge.