乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰与亲密关系、自我表露的相关性分析

Relationship between psychological distress, intimate relationship and self-disclosure in spouses of breast cancer patients

目的 了解乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰与自我表露、亲密关系的水平现状,分析乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰与自我表露、亲密关系三者之间的关系.方法 2015年7月—2016年7月,随机选取在江苏省3所三级甲等医院就诊的240例乳腺癌患者的配偶作为研究对象,采用心理困扰尺度量表、痛苦表露指数量表、婚姻调适量表以及自制一般情况调查问卷,对乳腺癌患者的配偶进行问卷调查.采用秩和检验进行单因素分析,采用Spearman秩相关分析法进行相关性分析.结果 240名乳腺癌患者的配偶心理困扰尺度平均得分为（5.2±4.7）分;自我表露平均得分为（36.5±32.7）分;亲密关系平均得分为（118.2±36.5）分,婚姻失调检出率为25.9%.67.4%的乳腺癌患者配偶存在心理困扰,且其心理困扰水平在学历上的差异具有统计学意义（Z=7.519,P〈0.05）;乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰程度与其自我表露程度和亲密关系程度呈负性相关（r值分别为-0.673、-0.721;P〈0.01）,而亲密关系在乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰程度与其自我表露程度之间起到部分中介作用.结论 乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰检出率较高,且其心理困扰程度受到自我表露和亲密关系影响,其中亲密关系在乳腺癌患者配偶心理困扰与自我表露中起重要中介作用.

Objective To understand the situation of psychological distress, self-disclosure and intimate relationship in spouses of patients with breast cancer and analysis their interrelationship. Methods Totally 240 spouses of breast cancer patients from 3 class Ⅲ grade A hospitals in Jiangsu Province were investigated with distress thermometer （DT）, distress disclosure index（DDI）, short marital adjustment and prediction test as well as general information questionnaire from July 2015 to July 2016. Single factor analysis was performed using rank test, and correlations analysis was performed by Spearman analysis. Results The average score of psychological distress was（5.2±4.7） points, self-disclosure （36.5±32.7） points, intimate relationship （118.2±36.5） points and marital disorder detection rate was 25.9%. The prevalence of psychological distress was 67.4% and there was a significant difference in DT score among the spouses of patients with different education level （Z= 7.519,P〈0.05）. Spouse psychological distress was negatively correlated with self-disclosure degree and the degree of intimacy（r=-0.673,-0.721;P〈0.01）. Intimate relationship took a partial effects as mediator between the psychological distress and the degree of self-disclosure. Conclusions The incidence of psychological distress is high in spouses of patients with breast cancer, and the severity is influenced by self-disclosure and intimate relationship. Intimacy takes a partial effects as mediator between the psychological distress and the degree of self-disclosure.