“三个行为法”与地方立法权

Three Laws on Administrative Actions and Local Legislative Power

《行政处罚法》开始,法律明确区分设定权和规定权,随后《行政许可法》、《行政强制法》也在规定地方立法权时分别按照这样的区分作出了不同规定。三个行为法由此与地方立法权产生了紧密关系。三法自制定至今已施行多年,相关的权限内容与制度规定虽发挥了重要的作用,但也产生了一些实践上的问题。《立法法》2015年第一次修改,其中关于地方立法权的修改是最引人注目的。本文试图将地方立法权与三个行为法关于设定权限的规定勾连起来进行分析,并从实际需要出发,得出应当适度扩大地方立法权的结论,进而提出完善三个行为法关于地方立法设定权的可行性建议。

The law distinguished the right of establishment and the right of specification from the"Administrative Punis hment Law",subsequently,the"Administrative License Law"and"Administrative Compulsory Law"following such a distinction.As a result,the three laws on administrative actions and local legislative power have formed a close relationship.The three laws have been in force for many years.Although these provisions concerning legislative power and specific system have had a positive impact,they have also caused some problems in practice.The"Legislation Law"was revised in 2015,of which the most noticeable is the revision of the local legislative power.This article attempts to link the local legislative power with the provisions of the three laws on the right of establishment and analyzes the actual needs to draw the conclusion that the legislative power of the local government should be enlarged moderately,and then put forward some feasible suggestions on improving the power of establishment of local legislation.