大白菜耐热机制研究进展

Advances in Research of Heat Resistance Mechanism of Chinese Cabbage

大白菜是我国栽培面积最广、产量最高的蔬菜作物之一。大白菜性喜冷凉,高温条件下不结球或者结球松散,因而高温严重影响大白菜的产量和商品性。近年来,人们对大白菜耐热的生理生化以及分子生物学机制进行了大量研究,发现渗透调节物质的大量积累、稳定的细胞膜结构以及完整的保护酶系统是大白菜适应高温胁迫的重要生理条件;热激转录因子(HSFs)、热激蛋白(HSPs)以及小RNAs等则在大白菜耐热的分子层面扮演着重要角色。此外,科研人员在对大白菜耐热分子标记的开发等方面也开展了大量研究并取得了较大进展,这为下一步大白菜耐热性分子标记辅助选择育种奠定了基础。本文对上述研究进行了系统的综述,以期为今后耐热大白菜新品种的培育提供科学依据。

Chinese cabbage is one of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops with the highest yield in China. Chinese cabbage likes cool climate,so it can not form leaf head or only form loose leaf head at high temperature,which seriously influences its yield and commodity characteristics. In recent years,people have conducted many researches on the physiological,biochemical and molecular biological mechanisms of heat tolerance in Chinese cabbage. The results showed that accumulation of osmotic,maintaining stability of cell membrane structure and completely protective enzyme system played very important roles for Chinese cabbage to adapt to heat stress. Heat shock transcription factors( HSFs),heat shock proteins( HSPs) and small RNAs in Chinese cabbage played important roles for response to heat tolerance at molecular level. In addition,researchers have carried out many studies on developing heat-tolerant molecular markers of Chinese cabbage and achieved great progresses,which laid foundations for its molecular marker assisted breeding in heat resist-ance. In this paper,we summarized the above researches so as to provide scientific bases for breeding new varieties of heat-resistant Chinese cabbage.