铝合金激光-MIG电弧复合焊接工艺

Laser-MIG arc hybrid welding of aluminum alloy

以5A06铝合金为研究对象,通过焊缝成形、焊接过程熔滴过渡稳定性、焊缝组织、接头性能等方面重点考察激光-短路MIG电弧复合、激光-CMT电弧复合、激光-脉冲MIG电弧复合焊接工艺特性。结果表明,采用激光-短路MIG电弧复合焊接方法获得的焊缝成形较差,不符合要求;采用激光-CMT电弧复合及激光-脉冲MIG电弧复合焊接方法容易获得连续、稳定的焊缝成形,焊接过程稳定,焊接接头的焊缝中部、熔合区及热影响区微观组织、焊接试件拉伸力学性能基本相同,抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率分别达到母材的90%及50%以上。

The effects of laser-short-circuiting MIG arc hybrid welding,laser-CMT arc hybrid welding,laser-pulsed MIG arc hybrid welding process on weld appearance,the metal transfer stability of welding process,weld microstructure and joint performance were investigated. The results shown that the weld appearances obtained by laser-short-circuiting MIG arc hybrid welding are poor and do not meet the requirements.The laser-CMT arc hybrid welding and laser-pulsed MIG arc hybrid welding methods are easy to obtain continuous and stable weld appearances.The microstructures and tensile properties of welded joints of the middle of the weld,the fusion zone and heat affected zone are the same basically,the tensile strength and the elongation are not less than 90% and 50% above of that of the base metal,respectively.