丽江白雪茶化学成分的研究

Chemical constituents from Thamnolia vermicularis in Lijiang

丽江雪茶属地衣类茶科植物,生长于海拔4 000 m以上的雪域高山苔藓植物带,系天然野生,不能人工栽培。白雪茶可以单独泡饮,也可以作为配茶,具有清热、消暑、生津止渴、清肝明目等功效。为了阐明其化学物质基础,该研究应用柱层析法、薄层层析、波谱法对丽江白雪茶甲醇提取物进行分离纯化、结构鉴定。结果表明:共分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为8,11,14,17-四羟基-4,4,20,20-四甲基-1,23-二十三烷二酸二甲酯(1)和8,11,14,17-四羟基-4,4,20,20-四甲基-1,24-二十四烷二酸-24-甲酯(2),2-羟基-正二十四烷酸甲酯(3),2,3-二甲氧基-5-甲基苯酚(4),2-羟基-4,5-二甲基-1,3-苯二甲酸二甲酯(5),2-羟基-4-甲氧基-6-甲基-1,3-苯二甲酸-3-甲酯(6),麦角甾烷-7,22-二烯-3-醇(7),麦角甾烷-5,8,22-三烯-3-醇(8),β-谷甾醇(9)。其中,化合物1,2,3,4,5,6首次从该植物中提取得到,化合物1和2为新结构化合物。该研究结果为开发利用雪茶植物资源提供了基础数据。

Thamnolia vermicularis is a kind of lichen tea plants,which grows in Alpine moss belt above 4 000 meters high,so it is naturally wild and can not be artificially cultivated. As a beverage,snow tea can be soaked alone and also serves as tea. It has the effects of clearing heat,quenching thirst,clearing liver and improving vision. In order to clarify the chemical constituents of T. vermicularis,methanol extracts of T. vermicularis were isolated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. We got nine compounds,the chemical structures were determined by spectral analysis as follows： 2-hydroxy-n-tetracosanoic acid-1-methyl ester（ 3）,2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylphenol（ 4）,2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester（ 5）, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid-3-methyl ester（ 6）,Ergosta-7,22-E-dien-3β-ol（ 7）,Ergosta-5,8,22 E-trien-3β-ol（ 8）,β-Sitosterol（ 9）,and two new compounds 8,11,14,17-tetrahydroxy-4,4,20,20-tetramethyl-1,23-tricosandioic acid dimethyl ester（ 1） and 8,11,14,17-tetrahydroxy-4,4,20,20-tetramethyl-1,24-tetracosandioic acid-24-methyl ester（ 2）. Compounds 1,2,3,4,5,6 were firstly reported for this plant. All these can provide information for utilization for this plant.