转子发动机喷雾特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Spray Characteristics of Rotary Engine

利用定容弹、纹影仪以及高速相机等装置,就柴油转子发动机工况下的喷雾过程进行了试验研究,重点分析了喷雾环境背压和喷射压力对喷雾特性的影响。结果表明:在转子发动机喷雾过程中,喷雾扩散速度先快速增大后逐渐减小;喷雾锥角在初次雾化阶段内急剧减小,然后在二次雾化作用下保持相对稳定。喷雾环境背压的增大,有效减小了喷雾贯穿距离,增大了喷雾锥角,说明喷雾环境背压的增大对喷雾贯穿距离和锥角都有显著的影响,从而为转子发动机喷油正时的优化提供了试验数据支持;随着喷射压力提高,喷雾贯穿距离和喷雾锥角都增大,并且增大喷射压力加强了燃油的初次雾化和二次雾化,有利于提高转子发动机喷雾质量,为优化柴油转子发动机油气混合状态创造了条件。

The spray process of diesel rotary engine was studied by means of constant volume bomb ,schlieren device and high speed camera .The influences of back pressure and spray pressure on spray characteristics were emphatically analyzed .The re-sults show that the spray diffusion rate increases rapidly and then decreases step by step during the spray process .The spray cone angle decreases sharply in the initial atomization stage and remains relatively stable in the stage of secondary atomization . The increase of spray environment pressure effectively shortens the spray penetration distance and increases the spray cone an -gle ,which provides the test data for the optimization of fuel injection timing .With the increase of injection pressure ,the spray penetration distance and spray cone angle increase and the initial fuel atomization and secondary atomization hence improve , which is beneficial to improve the spray quality of rotary engine .Accordingly ,the mixing state of fuel and gas for rotary engine can be improved .