从甲骨文看疍民的起源与变迁

Origins and Transition of Dan People from the Oracle Bone Script

疍民文化不仅在中国,在东南亚甚至南太平洋一些岛国和地区均有传播。疍民的起源与变迁的脉络尚无确切定论。"蜑"字虽然在主要甲骨文字典中没有收录,但甲骨文"蚩"字却隐含了与"蜑"相关的许多信息。"蜑"不仅与"蚩"高度相关,而且与"蛮""夷"关系密切。古代"蜑人"不仅指水上居民,也包括山地居民。传统的观点认为,疍民源于古代的"蜑人",这个结论还当存疑。现代的疍民继承了古代"蜑人"的生活方式,但未必继承了族源关系。

The dissemination of Dan culture is widespread not only in China,but also in some island countries and regions in Southeast Asia and even the Pacific Ocean. The context of the origins and transition of the people still has not reached a conclusive agreement. Although the word ＂蜑＂（ Dan） is not included in the main dictionary of the oracle bones script（ Jiaguwen 甲骨文）,the word ＂蚩＂（ Chi） in the oracle bones script implies a lot of information related to ＂蜑＂. Moreover,＂蜑＂is not only highly relevant to ＂蚩＂,but also relevant to＂蛮＂（ Man） and＂夷＂（ Yi）. The ancient＂蜑人＂（ Dan people） is a generalized concept that covers a wide range. This concept does not limit to the‘water residents＇,it also includes the‘mountain residents＇. The traditional view that Dan people（ 疍民） originate from the ancient Dans（ 蜑人） is still controversial. Modern Dan people certainly inherit the ancient Dans＇ ways of life,but they do not necessarily inherit the ethnic and clan relationships.