“乡下人”的是与非——沈从文的身份认同研究

Right and Wrong if styled as “Country Folk”——A study of Shen Cong-wen's identity

沈从文一辈子都以"乡下人"自居,但沈从文却出生于湘西凤凰的一个名门望族,且沈从文的创作带有极其深刻的内涵和"民族重造"的理想,这便与其"乡下人"身份产生了很大的矛盾。由此,沈从文其实并非传统意义上的"乡下人",他的这种自称,隐含了来自偏远湘西的沈从文的自卑心理,以及沈从文想以此来保持自己独立的价值评判尺度等原因。因而,沈从文"乡下人"身份的内涵也变得丰富起来:除带有明确少数民族含义和现代意识之外,还兼具"知识分子"、"都市人"和"乡下人"等多重身份特征。

Shen Congwen styled himself as a ucountry folk” in his whole life, though he was bom of the small town,Fenghuang of western Hunan. His writing has profound meaning and the idea of nationality re-construction which is contrar to the identification of his own. Shen Congwen is no country folk in the traditionalsense,because this kind of self-professing implies the inferority complex of Shen Congwen coming from the remote rural area and he cherishes mostly his personal value criterion hereby. Therefore, apart from the distinct Ethic meaning and modern consciousness, Shen Congwen’s identity is enriched with multiplemeanings of “ intellectual”, “ urbanite” and “ country fk ” as well.