技术供给侧与技术成果的经济效益测度研究——基于中国高新技术产业省级面板数据的实证

Research on the Supply-Side Reform of Technological Factors and Measurement of Economic Results of Technological Achievements:Based on the Empirical Analysis of Provincial Panel Data in Chinese High-tech Industry

本文采用2005-2015年中国高新技术产业29个省级的面板数据,通过面板单位根、协整检验,运用固定效应、随机效应和SUR回归方法,实证分析我国自主研发和国内外技术获取对新技术供给和技术经济效益的影响。结果显示:自主研发对新技术供给和新技术经济效益有着非常显著的正向作用;技术获取中只有技术吸收对新技术供给有着显著的正向作用,其它均不显著,同时也只有购买国外技术对新技术的经济效益有显著的影响,其他均无显著影响。经测算得出我国的技术成果应用转化率为34.2%,远低于发达国家的一般水平。因此,中国当前应该注重内部自主研发与创新,不能过度依赖国外技术,注重"技术本土化",加强对国内外相关技术的吸收和改造与技术成果的实际应用和转化,并与企业实际需求相结合。

In this article, panel data of 29 provinces of Chinas high - tech industry in 2005 -2015 were adopt-ed. Through panel unit root and co - integration test, by using fixed effect, random effect and S U R regression meth-od ,the impact of domestic R＆D and domestic and foreign technology acquisition on technology supply and technical economic benefits was analyzed in the article. The results showed that ： independent research and development had a very significantly positive contribution to the supply of new technologies and new technical economic benefits; among technology acquisition, only the absorption of technology had a significantly positive impact on supply and only pur-chase of the foreign technologies had a positive impact on the economic benefits of new technologies, the other had no significant impact. It was concluded that the conversion rate of China s technological achievements is 34. 2 % , which was much lower than that of developed countries. Therefore, China should focus on internal R ＆ D and innova-tion, not over - reliance on foreign technology,more focus on ＂technology localization＂ strengthen the absorption of related technologies at home and abroad and the actual application and transformation of technological achieve-ments, and the technology should be combined with the actual needs of enterprises.