体裁短语学视角下的医学学术英语词典研编

Genre-informed Phraseological Approach to Compiling an EAP Dictionary of Medical English

本文基于100万词的医学英文国际期刊论文语料库,通过对医学英语词典宏观结构的确定,以及对自编医学英语词条delivery微观结构的详解,展示了体裁短语学方法的学术英语词典编纂价值。宏观结构方面,本研究利用"主题词法"甄选词目,同时确定词典规模;微观结构方面,我们针对不同短语结构揭示出的多重词义,按频率高低排定义项。同时,利用"整句释义法"概括出各义项最典型的短语结构和语义内涵。例证则采用高频搭配和真实例句两种形式呈现条首词的短语特性。上述释义、例证等还充分考虑到医学英语的子学科倾向和实证论文的语步分布信息,从而更适应学术英语学习的需求。

This paper highlights the value of genre-informed phraseology to the compilation of EAP dictionaries.A self-written entry is presented to illustrate the establishment of macrostructure and the justification of the microstructure of the headword ‘delivery 'on the basis of a one-millionword corpus of international medical research articles.The macrostructure,namely the selection of headwords and the overall size of a dictionary,is facilitated by the keyword method; microstructure-wise,the phraseological analysis is adopted to identify the different senses of ‘delivery 'and the senses arranged by the decreasing order of frequency in the entry.Meanwhile,‘the whole sentence definition 'demonstrates the most typical patterns and meanings of the headword.The commonest phrases and authentic sentences containing the headword are provided as well.The sub-discipline preference and discourse move distribution of the headword are integrated to the definition,examples,etc.,thereby accommodating the EAP learning needs.