传记伦理:纳代尔教授访谈录（英文）

The Ethics of Biography: An Interview with Professor Ira B. Nadel

伊拉·纳代尔是加拿大皇家学会院士、英属哥伦比亚大学英语系教授,出版多部传记,并对传记文学进行了深入研究,近期发表论文有《指印与影像:传记事实的小说创作》(2014)及《父亲与女儿:莱斯利·斯蒂芬和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫》(2016),目前正在进行菲利普·罗斯的传记研究。石苗苗2017年在英属哥伦比亚大学访学期间,与纳代尔教授进行了访谈。采访主要讨论了作传原则、传记作家职责、如何选择事实以及构建"创造性事实"等传记伦理的相关话题。纳代尔教授指出,作家叙述人物生平应从读者角度出发,并且应着重于事件发生的缘由,从而串联起人物的生平。在梳理了传记伦理的现状之后,纳代尔教授认为随着因特网与计算机算法的不断发展,传记文学将会迎接数字化的未来,届时作家会利用数字信息编排传记内容,进而取代现有的创作模式。

Ira B. Nadel is Professor of English at the University of British Columbia and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. He has published many biographies and focused on the research of the biography. His most recent papers are ＂The Fingerprint and the Photograph： The Fiction of Biographical Facts＂ （2014） and ＂Father and Daughter： Leslie Stephen and Virginia Woolf＇ （2016）, and at present he is completing a biography of Philip Roth. In 2017 Shi Miaomiao interviewed him during her visiting study at the University of British Columbia. This interview covers a broad range of topics on the ethics of biography, such as the major rules of biography, biographers＇ responsibilities, how to select facts and establish ＂a creative fact＂. Professor Nadel points out that a biographer＇s job is to fill the space in-between events with causes. After clarifying its current status, Professor Nadel explores the digital future of biography with the advance of Internet and algorithms, which will replace a biographer＇s creation with the way of curation by means of digital information.