当代俄罗斯文学中的物性书写：以弗·马卡宁为中心

Thingness Writing in Contemporary Russian Literature: With V. S. Makanin as the Center

灵魂书写是俄罗斯文学的自觉选择,这种选择远大于其他国家。寻找新的文本批评,审视文学阅读中关注重大历史事件与文学之间的事实关系研究,从文学本身出发寻找新的批评方法成为当代俄罗斯文学进程中的一种趋向,并且最终在1990年代苏联解体后,西方文学理论集体涌进新俄罗斯的语境下得到言说。文本新力量的来源之一即被认为是来自文本的物质性,也即物性,是世界文学图景的一部分,是沉默事实。当代俄罗斯作家放大文本物性旨在刻意放大一种思索的方式,作家笔下的"物"是自主性现实,而且在叙述中影响着叙述本身,承担作家自觉分给它的角色。它的基本要义是物质记忆所带来的思想的活跃,是本体论叙事,而不是隐喻或者潜在文本。

Soul writing is the self-conscious choice of Russian literature. In the contemporary Russian literature development process, it has become a trend to seek new text criticism, to evaluate the study on the factual relationship between important historical events and literature, and to seek new literary critical methods. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990s, the western literary theories rushed into the new Russian context and found expression there. One of the sources of the new power of text is thought to be thingness, which is a part of the world lierary picture, and is a silent fact. The contemporary Russian writers stress thingness in order to emphasize a thinking method. The ＂thing＂ is subjective, affecting the narration, and taking the role assigned by the writers. It is essentially ontological narration, rather than metaphor or implied text.