双尾撑布局无人机上开伞动力学研究

Analyzing Parachute-Opening Dynamics of Twin-Tailboom Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

针对双尾撑布局无人机上开伞过程,通过分析伞舱盖转动开启过程受力以及运动,建立伞舱盖开启过程动力学模型。采用平板大迎角气动力计算理论对伞舱盖开启过程中气动力进行分析计算,得到伞舱盖开启判定条件、伞舱盖转角与角速度关系模型、伞舱盖开启扭矩与角度关系模型。在安全开伞分析过程中,引入引导伞包开伞成功判定因子,分析了引导伞包分离角度、开伞速度和主伞包顶力对于开伞成功判定因子的影响关系。分析了双尾撑布局无人机在常用开伞速度(25~33.3 m/s)区间内,引导伞包与伞舱盖的最佳分离角度范围。最后,通过地面风洞开伞试验,对所建立的开伞过程动力学模型进行试验验证。

The dynamic model of the twin-tailboom UAV parachute opening was established through analyzing its force and motion. The aerodynamic calculation produces the relationship between its angle and angular velocity. In analyzing the safe parachute opening process, its opening judgment condition was introduced, and the relationship among the separation angle of a pilot chute package and the airspeed and force of the main parachute package is established. In the range between 25 m/s and 33.3 m/s, the optimal separation angle of the pilot chute package was analyzed. Finally, the model for analyzing the parachute opening dynamics was validated with the wind tunnel experiments on the parachute opening.