湖北省大寺遗址新石器时代石工具初步研究

A Preliminary Study of the Neolithic Stone Implements Unearthed from the Dasi Site in Hubei Province

大寺遗址屈家岭和石家河文化时期的石器岩性以沉积岩为主,多选择砂岩类,如细砂岩、粉砂岩及泥质粉砂岩等,其他变质岩和火成岩的岩性较少选用。石器类型方面以砍伐工具为主,如磨制石斧和石锛等,其他类型的石器较少。这说明大寺遗址新石器时代的人们的生产活动以砍伐为主,其他农耕、渔猎活动较少。无论是石斧、石锛,它们的可测柄部与刃部弧长、弦长之比多在1:2或略微大于1:2,磨制石斧、石锛的刃角以在50°~79°为多,其他角度的不多。

The stone tools of the Qujialing and Shijiahe cultures unearthed from the Dasi Site are mainly made of sedimentary rock, especially sandstone, such as fine-sand stone, silt stone and clay silt stone, while metamorphic and igneous rocks were rarely used. In functional type they belong mainly to the chopping tools, including the polished axe, adze and so on. This indicates that the Neolithic Dasi people＇ s productive activities were mainly deforestation, while farming, fishing and hunting were rear means of life. For the stone axe and adze, their measurable ratio of the chord length to the arc length is generally 1：2 or a little greater, while the edge angle is usually 50°-79°.