基于虚拟现实技术的“华龙一号”主控制室模拟机系统

Main Control Room Simulator of HPR1000 Based on Virtual Reality Technology

主控制室是维持核电厂安全和正常运行的重要场所,人的因素是主控制室设计和电厂运行当中的重要环节,因此核电厂通常使用主控制室模拟机对主控制室的人因工程性能进行验证并对操纵员进行训练。传统的模拟机技术一般需要构建1∶1的实际主控制室模型。对于设计者,在主控制室模拟机房内实施设计修改并评估效果较为困难,同时不同型号的主控制室需要独立的模拟机房间,随着工程项目的更迭存在所占空间大、复用率低的问题。对于运营单位的训练任务,一套占地约300m2的主控制室模拟机同时只能供一组操纵员进行训练,对于机组数量较多的厂址,需要配备一定规模的模拟机中心才能满足训练需求。基于以上情况,"华龙一号"的设计过程中提出了一套基于虚拟现实技术的主控制室模拟机方案,使用虚拟现实设备和其他人机接口在最小化的空间内构建主控制室的实际环境,相对于传统模拟机的方案,基于虚拟现实技术的模拟机成本低、灵活性强,在工程设计初期弥补传统模拟机系统的空缺,同时为操纵员训练提供多样化的手段。

Main control room is an important premise for plant safety and operation. Human factor should be considered in the design of main control room and operation of nuclear power plant. Therefore, a simulator for main control room is normally used to verify the human factor design and implement training program for operator. Traditional simulator need to build a 1 ： 1 main control room model. For designer, it is very difficult to modify and re-evaluate the design once the simulator is built. In addition, main control rooms of different types need a separate simulator, which will consume lots of space and become low efficiency as the number of project increased. For operator that needs to implement training program, one simulator about 300 m2 can only accommodate one group of control room operator for training simultaneously. For nuclear power plant with multi-units, a relative large training facility is required. Based on the above situation, a main control room simulator based on virtual reality technology is designed in HPR1000, which simulate the human machine interface and environment in minimized virtual reality software. Compared with traditional main control room simulator, it features low cost and high flexibility. It makes up the function of traditional simulator in the early design stage and provides diverse training approach for operator.